初二英语（八年级）上册期末知识点归纳（3）

第三部分．词语辨析

1.参加take part in/be in/ join in+活动  参加活动 take part in the long jump

join the school rowing club加入组织

be/play for/against sth支持/反对某人 /某事

效力They both play for the Houston Rockets in the NBA. 反义词play againt对阵

2.花费

人+spend some time/money on sth/in doing sth

花费时间或者金钱在某事上/做某事

人+pay some money for sth

物+cost/ take help sb (to) do something=do sb. a favor=give sb a hand

3.到达reach/ get to/arrive in/at+地点， in为大地点，in Beijing,  at为小地点 at home

4.著名be famous for  China is famous for the Great Wall. 因。。。而闻名

be famous as  Chongqing is famous as the Moutain City.称之为，美誉

5.like动词喜欢feel like doing sth 喜欢做某事

like介词像look like看起来像 sound like听起来像 smell like闻起来像, taste like尝起来像.

6.看look look up a word in a dictionary查单词

look like看起来像, look at看一看, look for寻找, look over检查, look after

7.借I can lend you some tapes of her songs. 主语借出

We often borrow books from the library.主语借进

Can I borrow your bike?我能借你的自行车吗？=Can you lend me your bike?=Can you lend your bike to me? 你可以借你的车给我吗？

8.照顾动词care for the patients 照顾病人，名词take care of sb/oneself,

形容词Be careful当心（反）careless

9. 猜测Collecting stamps must be great fun. 收集邮票想必很有趣。

类似事实Collecting stamps is fun. 收集邮票很有趣.

10．能够be able to+ 动词原形 can+动词原形

11. close形容词They are close friends亲密的朋友.动词Close the door.关门

cover 名词盖子，动词覆盖

12. enough have enough food/rice/money/books（名词）

He is not tall（形容词）enough to reach the fan.=He is too short to reach the fan(够得着风扇). cold/warm/big/small+enough足够冷/暖/大/小

13.介词for 与to(有不定式就用for, 无则用to)

Rainforests/Plants and animals are important/usful/necessaryto us.

Water is important to us. Water is very important for us to live.

Water is necessary to us. It’s necessary for us to learn English.

be helpful in doing sth在某方面有帮助, be helpful to do sth

抽象名词

Some stamps are of great value=Some stamps are very valuable.

This meeting is of great importance=This meeting is very important.

Computers are of great use=Computers are very useful.

14live 动词居住，第三人称单数lives

live 形容词， 活的, live models 真人模特

life 名词， 生命， 复数lives

15keep him active/healthy, keep the classroom clean, keep the thief waiting and standing outside,keep trying

16.help sb with sth在某方面帮助某人The Internet can help us to do a lot of things.

help名词with the help of Jane=with Jane’s help 反义词without

17. plan名词the plans for this year/next week

动词How do you plan to celebrate it?=How are you going to celebrate it?

18.exciting, excited, interesting, interested, tiring, tired(说人用ing, 形容物用ed)

The movie was very exciting. People are excited.an exciting movie

The stories are very interesting. He is very interested in it.an interesting story

The job is tiring. She is very tired of it. You have a tiring job.

19.change my clothes换我的衣服, 名词a change in the old city walls，need a change

let me out/in（副词）让我出去/进来，let me sing/cry（动词）让我唱/哭

20.代替 instead of+n./pron.宾格/Ving代替，而不是

 instead 副词， 可以单独使用位于句首和句末做状语

 take the place of +名词/代词